One of the World's Oldest Christian Nations

Georgia adopted Christianity as its state religion in 327 AD, making it one of the earliest nations to do so. Over seventeen centuries later, the Georgian Orthodox Church remains a central pillar of national identity, culture, and daily life. For visitors, this heritage translates into some of the most breathtaking religious architecture and sacred landscapes found anywhere on earth.

Mtskheta: The Spiritual Capital

Just 20 kilometres from Tbilisi, the ancient town of Mtskheta was Georgia's first capital and remains its spiritual heart. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and for good reason.

  • Svetitskhoveli Cathedral (11th century): One of the most important churches in Georgia, built over the site where Christ's robe is said to be buried. The cathedral's stone carvings and interior frescoes are extraordinary.
  • Jvari Monastery (6th century): Perched on a rocky hilltop above Mtskheta at the confluence of two rivers, Jvari offers some of the most photographed views in Georgia. It was built to mark the spot where St. Nino (who brought Christianity to Georgia) erected a wooden cross.
  • Samtavro Convent: An active nunnery in the heart of Mtskheta, home to the tombs of King Mirian and Queen Nana, the first Christian monarchs of Georgia.

Davit Gareja: Monastery in the Desert

Few places in Georgia are as visually arresting as Davit Gareja, a complex of rock-hewn monasteries carved into a semi-desert landscape on the Azerbaijani border. Founded by the Syrian monk Davit in the 6th century, the complex contains hundreds of cells, churches, and refectories cut directly into the cliff face, many still decorated with vivid medieval frescoes. The hike along the ridge reveals a landscape utterly unlike the rest of Georgia.

Vardzia: The Cave City

Built in the 12th century during the reign of Queen Tamar — arguably Georgia's greatest monarch — Vardzia is a vast cave monastery city carved into a volcanic cliff in southern Georgia. At its height, it contained hundreds of rooms, a church, a throne room, a wine cellar, and an irrigation system. A significant earthquake in 1283 destroyed much of the cliff face, exposing the interior, but what remains is one of the most extraordinary man-made sites in the Caucasus.

Alaverdi Cathedral: Heart of Kakheti

Rising dramatically from the Alazani Valley in the wine region of Kakheti, Alaverdi Cathedral (11th century) is among the tallest medieval churches in Georgia. It remains an active monastery and is particularly atmospheric during the Alazanoba festival in October, when the grape harvest is blessed and traditional rituals are observed.

Gergeti Trinity Church: Faith at Altitude

Perhaps Georgia's most iconic image: the Gergeti Trinity Church (Tsminda Sameba) sitting at 2,170 metres above sea level, beneath the snow-capped peak of Mount Kazbegi. Built in the 14th century, it was historically used to store Georgian national treasures during periods of invasion. The hike up takes two to three hours and is deeply rewarding. In winter, the church emerges from clouds and snow in a scene of extraordinary drama.

Visiting Georgia's Churches: Practical Tips

  • Dress modestly: Both men and women should cover shoulders and knees. Women are typically expected to cover their heads inside churches — scarves are often available at entrances.
  • Photography: Generally permitted inside churches but be respectful, especially during services. Some monasteries restrict photography.
  • Behaviour: These are active places of worship. Keep voices low, avoid visiting during services if possible, and always ask before photographing worshippers.
  • Candles: Lighting a candle is a meaningful way to show respect and is welcomed from visitors of all backgrounds.

Georgia's sacred landscape is not simply a collection of historic monuments — it is a living faith. Approach it with curiosity and respect, and it will be among the most moving travel experiences you'll ever have.